Industrial Symbiosis and Energy Efficiency in European Process Industries: A Review

Over the last few decades, process industries have invested increasing efforts in developing technical and operating solutions related to industrial symbiosis energy efficiency both production processes auxiliary services. In particular, new technologies that enable symbiosis, such as novel treatment for byproduct extraction valorization, water purification, transformation, were implemented different sectors. This work analyses recent relevant results implementation of within across Europe, based on transactions material flows. Current developments, circular economy’s transformation levers achieved results, taken into account by considering coming from literature, EU-funded projects, programmes, initiatives practices efficiency. addition, most challenges deriving implementations analysed. A comprehensive picture sectors involved achieving more proactive cross-sectorial cooperation integration was provided, well an analysis main drivers barriers IS EE future scenarios European industries.